Back Menzis yalançı tsuqası Azerbaijani Pseudotsuga menziesii Bulgarian Avet de Douglas Catalan Pseudotsuga menziesii CEB Pseudotsuga menziesii Corsican Douglaska tisolistá Czech Ffynidwydden Douglas Welsh Grøn douglasgran Danish Gewöhnliche Douglasie German Menzies-pseŭdocugo Esperanto
| Douglas fir | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Gymnospermae |
| Division: | Pinophyta |
| Class: | Pinopsida |
| Order: | Pinales |
| Family: | Pinaceae |
| Genus: | Pseudotsuga |
| Species: | P. menziesii
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| Binomial name | |
| Pseudotsuga menziesii | |
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Green: Coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii)
Blue: Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca)
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| Synonyms | |
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The Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)[4] is an evergreen conifer species in the pine family, Pinaceae. It is native to western North America and is also known as Douglas-fir,[5] Douglas spruce,[6] Oregon pine,[7] and Columbian pine.[8] There are three varieties: coast Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. menziesii), Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. glauca) and Mexican Douglas-fir (P. menziesii var. lindleyana).[9]
Despite its common names, it is not a true fir (genus Abies), spruce (genus Picea), or pine (genus Pinus). It is also not a hemlock; the genus name Pseudotsuga means "false hemlock".
- ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Pseudotsuga menziesii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42429A2979531. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42429A2979531.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ NatureServe (2024). "Pseudotsuga menziesii". Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 18 August 2024.
- ^ "Taxonomy - GRIN-Global Web v 1.10.5.0". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
- ^ "Pseudotsuga menziesii ". Calflora. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database.
- ^ Lipscomb, Barney (1993). "Pseudotsuga menziesii". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 2. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 2018-11-07 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ "Douglas Fir".
- ^ "Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii ". Calflora. Berkeley, California: The Calflora Database.
- ^ Wilson, Donald A. (2008-01-28). Forensic procedures for boundary and title investigation. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470113691.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Pseudotsuga menziesii". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 2018-11-07.